第二部分 閱讀理解

　　一、閱讀題解法

　　閱讀理解部分去年新增設(shè)“選擇搭配題”，即在一篇總長(zhǎng)500-600詞的文章中有5段空白，文章后有6-7段文字，要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容從這6-7段文字中選擇能分別放進(jìn)文章中5個(gè)空白處的5段，使原文上下文語(yǔ)義連貫、邏輯通順。今年大綱中又增添了3種類(lèi)似的題型以供選擇，在真正的考試中只采用這四種題型中的一種，仍然是每題2分，共10分。由于考生對(duì)于新題型的陌生，缺乏符合新題型的閱讀材料，使得這一部分的復(fù)習(xí)難度加大。為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，下面對(duì)大綱中提供的原題型進(jìn)行分析，希望能夠幫助考生熟悉題型，在考試中避免由于不熟悉題型而丟分的現(xiàn)象。由于樣題1去年已經(jīng)考過(guò)，該題型的涉及范圍也很廣了，所以在此不多說(shuō)，直接從樣題2開(kāi)始。

　　Sample 2

　　Directions:

　　The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragrphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)

　　［A］“I just don’t know how to motivate them to do a better job. We’re in a budget cruch and I have absolutely no financial rewards at my disposal. In fact, we’ll probably have to lay some people off in the near future. It’s hard for me to make the job interesting and challenging because it isn’t —it’s boring, routine paperwork, and there isn’t much you can do about it.”

　�。跙］“Finally, I can’t say to them that their promotions will hinge on the excellence of their paperwork. First of all, they know it’s not true. If their performance is adequate, most are more likely to get promoted just by staying on the force a certain number of years than for some specific outstanding act. Second, they were trained to do the job they do out in the streets, not to fill out forms. All through their carrer it is the arrests and interventions that get noticed. ”

　�。跜］“I’ve got a real problem with my officers. They come on the force as young, inexperienced men, and we send them out on the street, either in cars or on a beat. They seem to like the contact they have with the public, the action involved in crime prevention, and the apprehension of criminals. They also like helping people out at fires, accidents, and other emergencies.”

　�。跠］“some people have suggested a number of thinglike using conviction records as a performance reiterion. However, we know that’s not fair-too many wther things are involved. Bad paperwork increases the chance that you lose in court, but good paperwork does’t necessary mean you you’ll win. We tried setting up team competitions based on the excellence of the reports, but the guys caught on to that pretty quickly. No one was getting any type of reward for winning the competition, and they figured why should they labor when there was no payoff.”

　　［E］“the problem occurs when they get back to the station. They hate to do the paperwork, and because they dislike it, the job is frequently put off or done inadequately. This lack of attention hurts us later on when we get to court. We need clear, factual reports. They must be highly detailed and unambiguous. As soon as one part of a report is shown to be inadequate or incorrect, the rest of the report is suspect. Poor reporting probably causes us to lose more cases than any other factor. ”

　�。跢］“So I just don’t know what to do. I’ve been groping in the dark in a number of years. And I hope that this seminar will shed some light on this problem of mine and help me out in my future work.”

　　［G］A large metropolitan city government was putting on a number of seminars for administrators, managers and /or executives of various to be discussed was motivation-how we can get public servants motivated to do a good job. The difficulty of a police captain became the central focus of the discussion.

　　Order:

　　G→

　　41�薄�

　　42�薄�

　　43�薄�

　　44�薄�

　　45�薄�

　　F

　　分析：

　　該題型是由一篇完整的文章構(gòu)成，但是被分解為7個(gè)部分，其中開(kāi)始和結(jié)尾部分已經(jīng)給出，所以在做此題時(shí)，首先要注意出題者已經(jīng)提供的開(kāi)始和結(jié)尾部分，開(kāi)始段落經(jīng)常會(huì)提供材料的內(nèi)容方向，所以為了節(jié)省時(shí)間，考生在考場(chǎng)上要首先閱讀該選項(xiàng)以獲得信息的最大化。第一個(gè)選項(xiàng)經(jīng)常是提出問(wèn)題，或者對(duì)問(wèn)題的進(jìn)一步闡述，那么不同的段落之間具有一定的邏輯關(guān)系，所以考生需要對(duì)五個(gè)段落開(kāi)頭以及結(jié)尾部分特別注意。例如，在該題中，很明顯C時(shí)提出問(wèn)題，E項(xiàng)則是對(duì)該問(wèn)題的進(jìn)一步完善，接著說(shuō)出作者的疑問(wèn)即A項(xiàng)。本套試卷后面部分提供了多套練習(xí)題，包括對(duì)科技新聞的報(bào)道以幫助考生熟悉多種文體的邏輯關(guān)系。正確答案為：CEABD

　　Sample 3

　　Directions:

　　You are going to read a text about the tips on resume writing, followed by a list of examples. Choose the best example from the list A-F for each numbered subheading (41-45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

　　The main purpose of a resume is to convince an employer to grant you an interview. There are two kinds. One is the familiar “tombstone”that lists where you went to school and where you’ve worked in chronological order. The other is what I call the “functional”resume-descriptive, fun to read, unique to you and much more likely to land you an interview.

　　It’s handy to have a “tombstone”for certain occasions. But prospective employers throw away most of those un-requested “tombstone”lists, preferring to interview the quick rather than the dead.

　　What follows are tips on writing a functional resume that will get read—a resume that makes you come alive and look interesting to employers��

　　(41) Put yourself first:

　　In order to write a resume others will read with enthusiasm, you have to feel important about yourself.

　　(42) Sell what youcan do, not who you are:

　　Practice translating your personality traits, character, accomplishments and achievements into skill areas. There are at least five thousand skill areas in the world of work.

　　Toot your own horn!

　　Many prople cluch when asked to think about their abilities. Some think they have none at all! But everyone does, and one of yours may just be the ticket an employer would be glad to punch-if only you show it.

　　(43) Be specific, be concrete, and be brief!

　　Remember that “brevity is the best policy.”

　　(44) Turn bad news into good:

　　Everybody has had disappointments in work. If you have to mention yours, look for the positive side.

　　(45) Never apologize:

　　if you’ve returning to the work force after fifteen years as a parent, simply write a short paragraph(summary of background) in place of a chronology of experience. Don’t apologize for working at being a mother;it’s the hardest job of all. If you have no higher education, just don’t mention education.

　　The secret is to think about the self before you start writing about yourself. Take four or five hours off, not necessarily consecutive, and simply write down every accomplishment in your life, on or off the fob, that made you feel effective. Don’t worry at first about what it all means. Study the list and try to spot patterns. As you study your list, once you discover pattern, give names to your cluster of accomplishments (leadership skills, budget management skills, child development skills etc.) Try to list at least three accomplishments under the same heading. Now start writing your resume as if you mattered. It may take four drafts or more, and several weeks, before you’re ready to show it to a stranger (friends are usually too kind) for a reaction. when you’re satisfied, send it to a printer; a printed resume is far superior to photocopies. It shows an employer that you regard job hunting as serious work, worth dong right.

　　Isn’t that the kind of person you’d want working for you?

　�。跘］A women who lost her job as a teacher’s aide due to a cutback in government funding wrote: “Principal of elementary school cited me as the only teacher’s aide she would rehire if government funds became available.”

　　［B］One resume I received included the following: “Invited by my superior to straighten out our organization’s accounts receivable. Set up orderly repayment schedule, reconciled accounts weekly, and improved cash flow 100 percent. Rewarded with raise and promotion.”notice how this women focuses on results, specifies how she accomplished them, and mentions her reward-all in 34 words.

　�。跜］For example, if you have a flair for saving, managing and investing money, you have money skills.

　　［D］An acquaintance complained of being biased when losing an opportunity due to the statement “Ready to learn though not so well educated”.

　�。跡］One of my former colleagues, for example, wrote three resumes in three different syles in order to find out which was more preferred. The result is, of course, the one that highlights skills and education background.

　　［F］A woman once told me about a cash-flow crosos her employer had faced. She’d agreed to work without pay for three months until business improved. Her reward was her back pay plus a 20 percent bonus. I asked why that marvelous story wasn’t in her resume. She answered, “It wasn’t important.” What she was really saying of course was “I’m not important.”

　　分析：

　　本題型是首先給出了文章的意圖，給出了5個(gè)建議，然后考生根據(jù)這5個(gè)建議選擇合適的例子給與支持。但是出題者提供了6個(gè)例子，需要考生進(jìn)行篩選。本題型與上種題型所需要的技巧是不一樣的，本題5個(gè)部分之間是沒(méi)有必要聯(lián)系的，可以說(shuō)在某種程度上是獨(dú)立的，所以考生應(yīng)該先做自己有把握的，容易的。例如，在本題中第44題和第45題，都比較簡(jiǎn)單，可以馬上識(shí)別是A和D, 然后再篩選做前3個(gè)。正確答案為：FCBAD

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