盡量不要查字典!
1)The book ______ is now out of stock
A. which he bought it last week
B. which he bought last week
C. which he had bought last week
D. which it was bought last week
解題思路：如果你選擇了A或D，說明你對"句子成分"的概念，或?qū)﹃P(guān)系代詞在句子中可以做什么成分還不清楚，應(yīng)該好好復(fù)習(xí)"什么叫定語從句?"一節(jié);如果選C，說明你對時(shí)態(tài)概念仍不清楚，再復(fù)習(xí)"過去完成時(shí)"一節(jié);正確答案為B，"which"在從句中做動(dòng)詞bought的賓語。這里能不能將"which"改成"that"呢?當(dāng)然可以，而且現(xiàn)在更多的是用"that".實(shí)際使用中，該句子中的"which"或"that"可以省掉，即：The book he bought last week is now out of stock. (他上周買的那本書現(xiàn)在脫銷。) ,即：當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中當(dāng)賓語時(shí)，可以省掉。
2) He is the man ______ is capable of finishing this task.
A. he
B. whom
C. who
D. which
解題思路：正確答案為C，關(guān)系代詞在從句中當(dāng)主語，故選擇主格who而不是whom;任何A、D選擇說明學(xué)生缺乏最基本的語法概念，應(yīng)補(bǔ)最基礎(chǔ)的語法課。
3)The only thing _____ can be done is to stop them from going there.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. who
解題思路：記住：定語從句中永遠(yuǎn)不可能出現(xiàn)what做連接詞, 記住這句話對理解"名詞性從句"會(huì)大有幫助; 既然先行詞為thing(事情), 就不能用who連接;同時(shí)出現(xiàn)"which"和"that"，又沒有"，"號，當(dāng)然選B(the only thing只能用 that連接，不能用 which連接)。下面一題的思路是一樣的：
4)All ______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A. which is needed
B. that is needed
C. what is needed
D. is needed
正確答案是：B 注意：all that = what, 不可能出現(xiàn)all what
5) Some of the roads have been flooded(淹沒), ______ our journey more difficult.
A. it makes
B. they make
C. which makes
D. which make
解題思路：四個(gè)答題中有兩個(gè)區(qū)分點(diǎn)：第一個(gè)區(qū)分點(diǎn)是：C、D都用了連接詞"which"，而A、B沒有用，根據(jù)"逗號不能連接兩個(gè)句子"的原則，A、B肯定不對;第二個(gè)區(qū)分點(diǎn)是：C、D中，動(dòng)詞一個(gè)用單數(shù)形式makes，一個(gè)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，這里應(yīng)選擇C.為什么?非限制性定語從句中，除了說明先行的某個(gè)名詞外，還可以說明整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，此時(shí)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。全句意思：有的路已被洪水淹沒，這使我們的旅行更加困難。"which"代表"有的路已被洪水淹沒"這件事情。
考試時(shí)，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)類似形式的題目而確實(shí)又看不懂句子意思時(shí)，應(yīng)傾向于選擇which + 單數(shù)動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)選項(xiàng)。
6)They have made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is
B. I think which is
C. which I think it is
D. I think of which is
解題思路：英語中的連接詞一般都是放在從句的最前面，據(jù)此，可以排除B、D選項(xiàng);A、C的區(qū)分點(diǎn)是"it", 想一下本節(jié)的第一題，就能正確選擇答案A了。此類題目中，I think應(yīng)理解為"插入語"，要熟悉這種形式，
又如：
He is the man ______ I suppose is capable of finishing this task.
該題應(yīng)填who而不是whom
(在從句中)當(dāng)狀語時(shí)：關(guān)系副詞where及when
where : 當(dāng)先行名詞在從句中當(dāng)"地點(diǎn)狀語"時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞where連接
例如：
The crime rate rises in cities where the unemployment rate increases. (失業(yè)率高的城市犯罪率也高。) 句中的where = in cities, 表示行為發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。
這里的要點(diǎn)是能否區(qū)分是用that (which)還是用 where， 即：是做"主語、賓表語"，還是做"地點(diǎn)狀語"，例如：
I love the small town that we visited last week.
句中"town"做動(dòng)詞"visited"的賓語，即"參觀過的小鎮(zhèn)"，故用that連接。
I love the small town where I lived during my childhood.
句中"town" 是動(dòng)詞"lived"的地點(diǎn)，即"童年時(shí)住過的小鎮(zhèn)"，故用where.
這也是定語從句的一個(gè)考點(diǎn)。
when : 當(dāng)先行名詞在從句中當(dāng)"時(shí)間狀語"時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞when連接, 例如：
July is the month when we have a lot of rain. (七月是多雨的月份。)
注意"when"定語從句后推的現(xiàn)象，例如：
I think (that) the day will finally come when air pollution can be put under control. (我認(rèn)為空氣污染得以控制的一天最終會(huì)來到。)
